What condition is characterized by an elevated potassium level in the blood?

Hyperkalemia is the condition characterized by an elevated potassium level in the blood. Potassium is an essential electrolyte necessary for various bodily functions, particularly in maintaining proper nerve and muscle function, including the heart. A normal potassium level in the blood typically ranges from 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L. When levels exceed 5.0 mEq/L, it is referred to as hyperkalemia.

This condition can result from various factors, such as kidney dysfunction, excessive potassium intake, or the release of potassium from cells due to injuries or certain medications. Symptoms might include muscle weakness, fatigue, palpitations, or, in severe cases, cardiac arrest.

In contrast, hypovolemia pertains to a decrease in blood volume, not directly related to potassium levels. Hyponatremia refers to low sodium levels in the blood, while hypokalemia indicates low potassium levels. Understanding these terms is crucial for recognizing and managing electrolyte imbalances effectively.